![]() In addition to getting taurine from food, you can get it from some energy drinks. This is thanks to your body’s ability to make taurine in your liver from other amino acids ( 1). They tend to have lower taurine levels than those who regularly eat animal proteins ( 3, 4, 5).Įven so, taurine deficiency is unlikely. Plants contain no appreciable amount of taurine ( 2).Ĭonsequently, people eating a vegan or vegetarian diet consume less taurine. The main sources of taurine are animal proteins such as meat, seafood, and dairy. It’s essential only in certain circumstances, such as in times of illness and stress. Taurine is an amino acid found in certain foods. However, because newborns and infants can’t make taurine as well as adults, they depend on taurine from breast milk or taurine-supplemented formula ( 1). ![]() Therefore, taurine deficiency is unlikely in healthy adults ( 1). Taurine is found in some foods, and your body can even produce it by itself. The Latin name for an ox is Bos taurus, which is where the amino acid’s name originated ( 1). Rather, it was first isolated in 1827 from the bile of an ox. Rest assured that, despite the common belief, taurine is not extracted from bull semen or urine. Instead, it’s considered a conditionally essential amino acid, meaning it becomes essential only in times of illness and stress ( 1). It’s particularly concentrated in your brain, eyes, heart, and muscles ( 1).Īlthough amino acids are often referred to as the building blocks of protein, taurine isn’t used to build proteins in your body. ![]() The two smaller sizes appear to be produced early in development and are not detectable by 3.5 weeks post-fertilization.Taurine is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid. We also observed the expression of two smaller sizes of CSAD, ~53 and ~55 kDa, in addition to the previously described ~59 kDa protein. However, both of our potential strains turned out to be producing a wild-type CSAD (cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase) protein even in the presence of early termination codons in the csad gene. In two different studies, we attempted to characterize a dietary taurine-dependent zebrafish that was incapable of endogenous taurine synthesis. Taurine caused less of a shift, but interestingly, the predominant orders were very uniform throughout the sections of the intestines of the taurine-fed fish. Wheat gluten addition to the diet greatly increased the number of predominant orders represented in the intestinal microbiota. We observed changes to the microbiome induced by dietary wheat gluten, and in a separate study, taurine. In another study, supplemental taurine in European sea bass shifted spectral sensitivity to a longer wavelength, though there were no apparent anatomical differences in the retina between the un-supplemented and supplemented groups. We saw evidence for this in the cobia study, and though our study did not induce any inflammation in sea bass, we detected dramatically increased levels of taurine levels in the plasma of fish consuming a diet containing 4% wheat gluten. We sought to evaluate the ability of taurine, a known immunomodulator, to alleviate inflammation in cases of adverse effects caused by particular plant ingredients in feed. European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), on the contrary, seem to well tolerate this ingredient. ![]() We present here evidence for potential negative health effects, including possible inflammation, elicited by wheat gluten incorporation into the feed of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Certain fish species have reacted poorly to particular ingredients, including components of soy and pea protein. Fish meal replacement by plant sources of protein, including those derived from soybeans, wheat, and peas may have unintended effects. Abstract As the aquaculture industry expands to feed an ever-growing world population, it seeks to develop more low-cost, environmentally sustainable feed ingredients. ![]()
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